The Effect of Aerobic and Resistance Exercises on Serum Osteocalcin levels, Insulin Resistance and Pancreas Beta Cell Function in Overweight Men: A Clinical Trial

Background and Objectives: Osteocalcin plays an important role in stimulating of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of aerobic and resistance exercises on serum osteocalcin, insullin resistance and beta cells function in overweight men. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study conducted in Ahar in summer 2018, 40 overweight men were randomly assigned to Control (n=14), Aerobic (n=13) and Resistance Exercise (n=13) groups. Subjects participated on 8-week aerobic (3 sessions in week) 60-85% Heart Rate Reserve (HRR) and resistance training (3 sessions in week) 55-75% One Maximum Repetition (1RM). Osteocalcin, insulin, glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were assessed from fasting blood samples before and after the 8-week exercise programme. Data analysis was performed using  paired t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: The results showed that osteocalcin level significantly increased after 8 weeks of aerobic (p=0.001) and resistance training (p<0.001). HOMA-IR significantly decreased in the aerobic training (p<0.001) and resistance training (p=0.004) groups; insulin also significantly decreased in the aerobic training (p<0.001) and resistance training (p=0.001). But in osteocalcin, insulin and insulin resistance levels, there was no significant difference between the aerobic training and resistance training groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, it seems that both aerobic and resistance training are appropriate methods for reducing weight and insulin resistance, which can prevent the occurrence of obesity and its complications. Key words: Osteocalcin, Insulin resistance, Pancreas B-cell, Aerobic and Resistance exercises, Young Men, Overweight Funding: There was no fund for this study. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of  Islamic Azad University of Rasht Branch approved the study(IR.IAU.Rasht.REC.1396.124).   How to cite this article: Rostamizadeh M, Elmieh A, Rahmani nia F. The Effect of Aerobic and Resistance Exercises on Serum Osteocalcin levels, Insulin Resistance and Pancreas Beta Cell Function in Overweight Men: A Clinical Trial. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2019; 18 (1): 55-70. [Farsi]